V.24
V.24 is an ITU-T standard for a physical layer interface between DTE and DCE. V.24 is essentially the same as the EIA/TIA-232 standard.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.24
V.25bis
V.25bis is an ITU-T specification describing procedures for call setup and tear-down over the DTE-DCE interface in a PSDN.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.25bis
V.32
V.32 is an ITU-T standard serial line protocol for bidirectional data transmissions at speeds of 4.8 or 9.6 kbps.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.32
V.32bis
V.32bis is an ITU-T standard that extends V.32 to speeds up to 14.4 kbps.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.32bis
V.34
V.34 is an ITU-T standard that specifies a serial line protocol. V.34 offers improvements to the V.32 standard, including higher transmission rates (28.8 kbps) and enhanced data compression.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.34
V.35
V.35 is an ITU-T standard describing a synchronous, physical layer protocol used for communications between a network access device and a packet network. V.35 is most commonly used in the United States and in Europe, and is recommended for speeds of up to 48 kbps.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.35
V.42
V.42 is an ITU-T standard protocol for error correction using Link Access Procedure for Modems (LAPM).
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: V.42
V5UA: V5.2-User Adaptation Layer
V5.2-User Adaptation Layer (V5UA) is a protocol in the SIGTRAN protocol stack for the backhauling of V5.2 messages over IP using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). This protocol may be used between a Signaling Gateway (SG) and a Media Gateway controller (MGC). It is assumed that the SG receives V5.2 signaling over a standard V5.2 interface.
Standard Organization: IETF
Reference Document: RFC 3807
Van Jacobson
Van Jacobson is a compressed TCP protocol which improves the TCP/IP performance over low speed (300 to 19,200 bps) serial links and solves problems in link-level framing, address assignment, routing, authentication and performance.
Standard Organization: IETF
Reference Document: RFC 1144
VARP: VINES Address Resolution Protocol
VINES Address Resolution Protocol (VARP), similar to the ARP in an IP network, is responsible for the mapping of VINES network address with the Data Link layer address of devices. VARP entities are classified as either address-resolution clients or address-resolution services. Address-resolution clients usually are implemented in client nodes, whereas address-resolution services typically are provided by service nodes.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VC: Virtual Concatenation
Virtual Concatenation (VC), an encapsulation scheme for Ethernet over SONET/SDH, allows for non-standard SONET/SDH multiplexing in order to address the bandwidth mismatch problem. Using virtual concatenation, the SONET/SDH transport pipes may be right-sized for Ethernet transport. Virtual Concatenation is a technique that allows SONET channels to be multiplexed together in arbitrary arrangements. This permits custom-sized SONET pipes to be created that are any multiple of the basic rates. Virtual concatenation is valid for STS-1 rates as well as for Virtual Tributary (VT) rates. All the intelligence to handle virtual concatenation is located at the endpoints of the connections, so each SONET channel may be routed independently through the network without it requiring any knowledge of the virtual concatenation. In this manner, virtually concatenated channels may be deployed on the existing SONET/SDH network with a simple endpoint upgrade. All the equipment currently in the center of the network need not be aware of the virtual concatenation.
Standard Organization: ITU-T / IEEE
VCI: Virtual Channel Identifier
Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) is a label used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). VCI has 12 bits in length and is used for routing from end user to end user and functions as service access point. The VCI labels are owned by network nodes, and get randomized quite quickly as connections come and go.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
VDSL: Very-high-data rate Digital Subscriber Line
Very-High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) is one of the DSL technologies with asymmetric upstream and downstream. VDSL transmits high-speed data over short reaches of twisted-pair copper telephone lines, with a range of speeds depending on actual line length. The maximum downstream rate under consideration is between 51 and 55 Mbps over lines up to 1000 feet (300 m) in length. Downstream speeds as low as 13 Mbps over lengths beyond 4000 feet (1500 m) are also common. Upstream rates are at speeds from 1.6 to 2.3 Mbps and maybe higher with enhancement.
Standard Organization: ANSI/ITU
Reference Document: G.993
VDSL2: Second Generation VDSL
Second Generation VDSL (VDSL2), an enhanced version of VDSL, specifies 8 profiles that address a range of applications including up to 100 Mb/s symmetric transmission on loops about one hundred meters long (using a bandwidth of 30 MHz), symmetric bit-rates in the 10-30 Mb/s range on intermediate length loops (using a bandwidth of 12 MHz), and asymmetric operation with downstream rates in the range of 10-40Mb/s on loops of lengths ranging from 3km to 1km (using a bandwidth of 8.5 MHz). VDSL2 includes most of the advanced feature from ADSL2. The rate/reach performance of VDSL2 is better than VDSL.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
Reference Document: G.993.2
VINES IPC: VINES Interprocess Communication Protocol
VINES Interprocess Communication Protocol (IPC), a transport layer (layer 4) protocol in the VINES protocol stack, provides both datagram and reliable message delivery service.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VINES NetRPC: NetRemote Procedure Call
The VINES NetRemote Procedure Call (NetRPC) protocol, a protocol in the session/presentation layer of the VINES prtocol stack, is used to access VINES applications such as StreetTalk and VINES Mail. A program number and version identify all VINES applications. Calls to VINES applications must specify the program number, program version, and the specific procedure within the program, where applicable.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VINES RTP: VINES Routing Table Protocol
VINES Routing Table Protocol (RTP), a network layer protocol in the VINES protocol stack, distributes network topology information. Routing update packets are broadcast periodically by both client and service nodes. These packets inform neighbors of a node's existence and also indicate whether the node is a client or a service node. In each routing update packet, service nodes include a list of all-known networks and the cost factors associated with reaching those networks.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VINES SPP: Sequenced Packet Protocol
The VINES Sequenced Packet Protocol (SPP), a transport layer protocol in the VINES protocol stack, provides a reliable virtual connection service for private connections.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VINES StreetTalk
VINES StreetTalk is an application protocol in the VIENS protocol stack which maintains a distributed directory of the names of network resources. In VINES network, names are global across the Internet and independent of the network topology.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VINES: Virtual Integrated Network Service
Virtual Integrated Network Service (VINES) is a protocol stack defined by Banyan Company, derived from the Xerox Network Systems (XNS) protocols. VINES is based on the UNIX operating system and uses a client/server architecture. The Banyan suite includes the following protocols: VARP (VINES Address Resolution Protocol); VIP (VINES Internet Protocol); ICP (Internet Control Protocol); RTP (Routing Update Protocol); IPC (InterProcess Communications Protocol); SPP (Sequenced Packet Protocol); NetRPC (NetRemote Procedure Call); StreetTalk.
In October 1999 Banyan became ePresence, an internet service provider. At the same time, it announced the obsolescence of VINES and other Banyan products.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VIP: VINES Internet Protocol
VINES Internet Protocol (VIP), the key protocol in the Banyan VINES protocol stack, performs the network layer (Layer 3) activities such as internetwork routing. VINES network layer addresses, similar to the IP addresses, are 48-bit entities subdivided into network (32 bits) and subnetwork (16 bits) portions.
Standard Organization: Banyan
VLAN: Virtual LAN
Virtual LAN (VLAN) refers to a logical network in which a group of devices on one or more LANs that are configured so that they can communicate as if they were attached to the same wire, when in fact they are located on a number of different LAN segments. Because VLANs are based on logical, instead of physical, connections, they are very flexible for user/host management, bandwidth allocation and resource optimization.
Standard Organization: IEEE
Reference Document: IEEE 802.1q
VOIP Protocols
Voice over IP (VOIP) uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit voice as packets over an IP network. Using VOIP protocols, voice communications can be achieved on any IP network regardless of whether it is Internet, Intranet or Local Area Network (LAN). In a VOIP-enabled network, the voice signal is digitized, compressed and converted to IP packets and then transmitted over the IP network. VOIP signaling protocols are used to set up and tear down calls, carry information required to locate users and negotiate capabilities.
Standard Organization: ITU-T / IETF
VOIP: Voice over IP
Voice over IP (VOIP) uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit voice as packets over an IP network. Using VOIP protocols, voice communications can be achieved on any IP network regardless it is Internet, Intranets or Local Area Networks (LAN). In a VOIP-enabled network, the voice signal is digitized, compressed and converted to IP packets and then transmitted over the IP network. VOIP signaling protocols are used to set up and tear down calls, carry information required to locate users and negotiate capabilities. The key benefits of Internet telephony (voice over IP) are the very low cost, the integration of data, voice and video on one network, the new services created on the converged network and the simplification of management of end users and terminals.
Standard Organization: ITU-T / IETF
VPCI: Virtual Path Channel Identifier
In an ATM cell, the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) together form the routing field, also called VPCI, which associates each cell with a particular channel or circuit. The VCI is a single-channel identifier; the VPI allows grouping of VCs with different VCIs and allows the group to be switched together as an entity. However, the VPIs and VCIs have significance only on the local link; the contents of the routing field will generally change as the cell traverses from link to link. These fields, in UNI, can support up to 16 million users to network sessions.
Standard Organization: ITU-T
VPI: Virtual Path Identifier
Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) is a routing label used in the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) header. The VPI, together with the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI), identifies the next destination of a cell as it passes through a series of ATM switches on its way to its destination. VPI field has 8 to 12 bits: 8 in the case of user-network interface and 12 in the case of network-network interface. The 4 extra bits in the network-network interface allows support for an expanded number of VPC internal to the network, which can be used for network management. A VPI of 0 indicates that this PVC is a virtual channel connection (VCC). A nonzero value indicates that this is a virtual path connection (VPC).
Standard Organization: ITU-T
VPLS: Virtual Private LAN Service
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) is an MPLS application defined by IETF. It allows geographically dispersed sites to share an ethernet broadcast domain by connecting each site to an MPLS-based network, as if they were in the same local area network (LAN). The wide area network (WAN) and metropolitan area network (MAN) become transparent to all customer locations. Ethernet VPN, based on VLPS and MPLS, provides more benefits than other alternative layer 2 or 3 VPN technologies.
Standard Organization: IETF
VRML: Virtual Reality Modeling Language
Virtual Reality Modeling Language(VRML) is a language defined by the W3C for displaying three-dimensional objects on the World Wide Web. It is the 3-D equivalent of HTML. VRML allows Web developers to create three-dimensional (3-D) space and 3-D objects in full color with special texture, animation, and lighting effects. This means users can move in three dimensions on a VRML Web page as they do with a video game or flight simulator.
Standard Organization: W3C
VRRP: Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) specifies an election protocol that dynamically assigns responsibility for a virtual router to one of the VRRP routers on a LAN. The VRRP router controlling the IP address(es) associated with a virtual router is called the Master and forwards packets sent to these IP addresses. The election process provides dynamic fail-over in the forwarding responsibility should the Master become unavailable. This allows any of the virtual router IP addresses on the LAN to be used as the default first hop router by end hosts.
Standard Organization: IETF
Reference Document: RFC 2338
VTP: VLAN Trunking Protocol
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco Layer 2 messaging protocol that manages the addition, deletion and renaming of VLANs on a network-wide basis. Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Trunk Protocol (VTP) reduces the administration in a switched network. When you configure a new VLAN on one VTP server, the VLAN is distributed through all switches in the domain. This reduces the need to configure the same VLAN everywhere. VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst Family products.
Standard Organization: Cisco